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Question 1

(a) the immune system bears the responsibility of defending the body against foreign pathogens. Describe the roles of first line of defense (physical barriers) against pathogens in immunity.

(b) With the aid of well labelled diagrams, compare and contrast the structure, location and roles of IgM and IgA in the fight against diseases

(c) Write the immunoglobulin that best describe the following action.

(i) Food on B lymphocytes surfaces

(ii) Found in milk of lactating women

(iii) Transferred from mother to foetus 

(iv) Have the highest binding sites

(v) Has the lowest concentration in serum. 

Question 2

(a) the adaptive immunity requires exposure to that particular pathogen or its products. The mode of destroying the pathogen or its products is dependent on the forms and mode of such foreign materials. Compare and contrast the structure and roles of humoral and cell mediated immunity in the destruction of such pathogens and their products 

(b) On january 15, Abdul developed an illness suggestive of influenza, which lasted  week. On February 20, he had a similar illness. He had no influenza immunization before this period. His hemagglutination inhibition titer to influenza A virus was 10 on january 18, 40 on january 30 and and 320 on february 20. as a student of immunochemisstry,,what can you deduce from these observation?..